An Over View of the Affordable Care Act - 1319 Words

An Over View of the Affordable Care Act After over nearly a century and dozens of failed attempts and proposals for Universal Health Care the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was finally passed by Congress in 2010. When the bill was first assembled in the House, Nancy Pelosi, Speaker of the House, was able to achieve consensus where others had failed. Pelosi told the three separate Committees that were working on the three bills that they must work together to create one bill, not three separate bills (Emanuel, History of Reform and ACA Overview, Lecture). The bill eventually passed in the Senate after major changes, and the House passed the Senate version. President was finally able to pass the bill making history on universal health care for the US Act (Emanuel, History of Health Reform and ACA Overview 27). Affordable Care Act Health care reform legislation known as The Patient Protection and Affordable care Act (ACA) was finally passed and signed into law by President Obama on March 23, 2010. The Affordable Care Act imposes an individual mandate for health insurance that became effective on January 1, 2014. Every individual that is a US citizen and legal resident must have health insurance. Individuals that do not health insurance coverage must apply for coverage through the health insurance marketplace. The Health insurance exchange marketplace is a virtual place where individuals and small business can buy insurance based on their needs. Individuals who do notShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Affordable Care Act1715 Words   |  7 Pagesuse the media to find information on the Affordable Care Act and others use reputable academic sources to do the same. The media’s main focus for covering the Affordable care Act is for political reasons, where academia uses information about the Affordable Care Act in order to understand various cultural assumptions. Since the installment of the Affordable Care Act both my family and I have been affected. For starters, before the Affordable Care Act was put into effect my mom worked for a doctorRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act1710 Words   |  7 PagesThe Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is a highly controversial act of the United States government commonly referred to as ObamaCare. Designed to â€Å"ensure that all Americans have access to quality, affordable health care,† (Patient Protection) this bill has received a large amount of opposition for a variety of reasons, but it is also widely supported, therefore garnering it attention from interest groups. Many interest groups, including religious organizations, attempt to change laws andRead MoreEssay about Healthcare System in Turmoil1449 Words   |  6 PagesHealth Care System in Turmoil The current health care system in the United States is in turmoil for many years because of two major problems which continues to be: patient access to care and the cost of care. There are well over 50 million Americans who continue to be uninsured today and a national health care tax called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 has been passed and challenged and upheld by the United States Supreme Court, as a tax not a law, here recentlyRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca ) Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesThe Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as ObamaCare, is a United States law that was signed by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010 and upheld by the Supreme Court on June 28, 2012. This Act was set to reform both healthcare and health insurance industries in the United States. It aims to lower cost on coverage, add new benefits, and a few new taxes. Increasing the quality, availability, and affordability of private and public health insurance are very important roles of the ACA. While tryingRead MoreNational Federation of Independent Business v Sebelius Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesabout multiple lawsuits that were merged into one case shortly after Congress passed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare (National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius). With the passing of this act it required U.S. citizen who did not already have health care through Medicaid, Medicare, corporate, or any government-sponsored source to get health care. Citizens who did not have any of the mentioned healthcare sources would be forced into buying into the federallyRead MoreEssay on Health Care System in Turmoil1007 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Care System in Turmoil Quality healthcare in the more rural areas of the United States is not only getting more difficult to obtain, but difficult to afford. American citizens living in rural areas have the highest rates of chronic disease, higher poverty populations, less health insurance, and there is less access to primary care physicians. When the economy is at its lowest point it causes an increase in a number of access and health issues that have already had prior problems in communitiesRead MoreThe Landmark New Plan A Good Idea?1539 Words   |  7 PagesI. Introduction In this article, â€Å"Health Care Reform; Is the landmark new plan a good idea?†, written by Marcia Clemmitt, makes an appeal about the Health Care Reform Act, also known as the Affordable Care Act. She includes opinions from the critics, as well as supporters to help establish and give facts from both views to help citizens decide on the new act. Most of these critics and supporters decisions are politically based and not formed on personal issues (hopefully). The genre of this articleRead MoreEssay about Affordable Care Act’s Impact on U.S. Economy 1337 Words   |  6 Pages How Will the Affordable Care Act impact the United States economy It takes very little to disrupt the slow healing progress our nation has undertaken in the wake of the financial crisis of seven years ago. As President Barack Obama \has put it, by signing the Affordable Care Act into law, â€Å"everyone should have some basic security when it comes to their health care† (Stolberg, Sheryl Gay) . Something as influential as a universal health care bill is no exception to the scale. While many are concernedRead MoreHealth Care Of The United States1594 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction: Over the past few decades, health care industry in the United States is facing three major problems related to quality, costs, and access. The healthcare expenditure in the United States has increased drastically over the years and the United States still rank top in health care spending when compared to other top nations in the world. Despite having high healthcare expenditure, Americans have limited access to health care, spends higher costs for the procedures and getting poorRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act : Obama Care, The Patient Protection Act1732 Words   |  7 PagesThe Affordable Care Act Obama Care, The Patient Protection Act, people have given it many nicknames but it’s official name is The Affordable Care Act. The law may have several nicknames, but one thing is for sure, it is very controversial. Americans are torn on whether the law will work or not, and it’s causing a huge debate ahead of the 2016 presidential election. The effects that The Affordable Care Act may have on our country can best be understood by analyzing the background and the history

Should Immigration Be Legal Or Not - 2495 Words

Devon Tseng 5/25/16 Draft 2 Research Paper Introduction Immigration, whether legal or not, plays a huge role in the well-being of this country, both economically and culturally. The Migration Policy Institute has compiled information on immigrant populations, both legal and unauthorized, which clearly show that immigration is an issue that cannot be overlooked, and is something that we, as a nation, have to deal with together. There are many stances on illegal immigration, which appear in the news and media often. There are some groups of people that do not like immigrants, and want to see them go. On the other side of the immigration debate, we have groups of people that want to offer all undocumented immigrants citizenship. And in the middle, we have people who seek to keep some undocumented immigrants while deporting others. In this paper I will analyze and provide some insight on what policies could be provided to deal with undocumented immigrants in this country. Review of the Literature In this paper, I write about the different potential methods that might be used to approach the undocumented immigration problem in the United States. There are many stances and opinions regarding undocumented immigrants, and there is no â€Å"one size fits all† solution to tackle such a massive issue. Therefore, I’ve gathered many different sources to get a broad view of the immigration debate and many different potential solutions that would help to deal with this issue. First, itShow MoreRelatedShould Immigration Be Legal Or Illegal?1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe Topic of Immigration is certainly a complex and touchy subject. Moreover, that of Illegal Immigration is vehemently controversial. However, when it comes to exercising judgment on the subject and formulating a stance there are de facto only two approaches: a sentimental optimistic approach or a business like realistic approach. According to an article by Immigration specialist Charle s Hirschman the general optimistic assertion is that Immigration be it legal or illegal strengthens American societyRead MoreLegal Immigration Should Not Be Punished Than Native Born Citizens2484 Words   |  10 PagesResearch suggests that legal immigrants commit less crime than native-born citizens, but despite this evidence there are discrepancies in how the criminal justice system punishes both groups, leaving legal immigrants to be punished more severely than native-born citizens. Many believe that legal immigrants, particularly minority groups, are not only a threat to society, but they are said to increase crime in the United States (Wang, 2012). Research by D. Sohoni and T. Sohoni (2013) revealed thatRead MoreAmerica Needs Immigration Reform Essay1034 Words   |  5 PagesImmigration reduction refers to a movement in the United States that advocates a reduction in the amount of immigration allowed into the country. Steps advocated for reducing the numbers of immigrants inc lude advocating stronger action to prevent illegal entry and illegal immigration, and reductions in non-immigrant temporary work visas (such as H-1B and L-1). Some advocate a tightening of the requirements for legal immigration requirements to reduce total numbers, or move the proportions of legalRead MoreThe Immigration Of Illegal Immigrants1643 Words   |  7 Pageshas been worldly known for its characteristics of prosperity, opportunity, and freedom which ultimately form the famous â€Å"American dream,† in which so many individuals desire. While this country’s reputation and culture was built on the basis of immigration, the ideals and viewpoints of this topic have strayed far from welcoming over the years. Both the Democratic and Republican parties find faults in the overflow of illegal immigrants coming into America, but differ in their strategies of devisingRead MoreImmigration And The United States Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pages In the 21st century, immigrat ion is one of the most controversial and hotly debated topics. Thus, we have an extremely complex immigration process accompanied with extremely complex immigration laws. Consequently, reform to the United States immigration policy is absolutely necessary to continue to help build America into the most diverse nation on the planet. To reform immigration, three topics must be addressed: what to do with illegal immigrants already in the United States, how to stop futureRead MoreIllegal Immigration Essay705 Words   |  3 PagesIllegal Immigration Immigration, legal or otherwise, is a huge issue right now. Debates rage about how many immigrants should be allowed into the country and how zealously we should guard out border from illegal intruders. To a point, these people are correct, illegal immigration is something that should be stopped. People should not cross the border illegally or overstay on visits. The important question is, however, does illegal immigration deserve the massive amount of attention it receivesRead MoreImmigration Reform : Illegal Immigration1697 Words   |  7 Pages Back in 2007 there were several concerns over immigration as a whole and exploding proportions of illegal immigrants crossing the border in the Arizona area. Arizona attempted to resolve the influx of people across the border by imposing heavy fines on employers hiring illegal immigrants. At that time in Arizona there was a democratic governor Janet Napolitano that continually vetoed the Arizona’s legislature attempt to reduce illegal immigration. In 2009 the state replaced the Democratic governorRead MoreEssay on The United States must Reduce Illegal Immigration818 Words   |  4 Pagespeople. The people that are there only speak Spanish. What do I do? This scenario happens to many people everyday. How do we deal with situations like this one? The city of Hialeah is a major example of immigration. According to Websters College dictionary, the meaning of immigration is coming into a country or region to live. Immigrants come from all over the world to live in America. Why is that? The main reason that everybody wants to go to the United States is because if they would goRead MoreImmigration Reform : Legal Or Illegal1520 Words   |  7 PagesImmigration Reform: Legal or Illegal Vigorous debates about immigration policy have been part of U.S. history since the first settlers began arriving from Europe (Novas, 1994; Kessler, 2001; Reichman, 2006). Those who favor more stringent restrictions on entry to the country, and greater penalties for violating those restrictions, argue that it is necessary for the safety and economic security of our nation and to preserve jobs for U.S. born workers (Camarota, 2011). Those who favor more leniencyRead MoreImmigration Policy Of The United States1017 Words   |  5 Pagesto have open and honest debate of immigration policy in the United States. It is not that there is not an immigration policy. The author presented two points of view: for immigration and for restricted immigration. For a true democracy, policies are formulated, adopted, implemented and evaluated. In the evaluation phase, challenges are made as to the effectiveness of a â€Å"living† policy. All government’s action or inaction, affects the people governed, and immigration is no exception. In fact, it directly

Strategic Human Resource Management Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Human Resource Management. Answer: Introduction Strategic human resource management refers to that act of employing and developing individuals such that they become valuable to the firm (Martn Alczar, Miguel Romero Fernndez, and Snchez Gardey, 2013, pp.46). It involves conducting an analysis on jobs, planning the needs of the personnel, hiring competent and skillful individuals for a task, training and developing the workers, controlling the wages and the salaries, ensuring that they avail benefits and incentives, conducting cross- evaluation on performance, solving disagreements, as well as regularly coming into contact with employees from all levels. Understanding of Human Resource Management. Throughout the learning session, my understanding on the HRM has dramtically changed. This has enabled me to deduce the changes that have occurred and still occurring in the Human Resource Management has stipulated below (Marchington, Wilkinson, Donnelly, and Kynighou, 2016, pp.341). The Huma Resource Management has changed adversely with key factors that are involved in the changes being; the diversity of the work-force, the changes in technology and the economic changes, regarding globalization, the structure of the organization, and the nature of work which keeps changing. The environment in which businesses are being conducted is changing, and the same applies to the setting of the Human Resource Management. Human resource management was considered to be more straightforward in the past since its work-force created a strong impression of being homogeneous. Currently, the HRM workforce is made up of individuals who are of different sex, age, with separate social classes, different personal characteristics, tribes, marital status, and from different religions. Diversity in the workforce is thus linked to the strategic direction of the organization. The difference has enhanced creativity and improved on means of making even better decisions, thus boosting the competitiveness of the firm. With many women being incorporated in the workforce, this has necessitated preparations of flexible working schedules. The changes in the economy and technology have to a large extent altered employment and the patterns of occupation. With changes in technology, the current organizations have adapted the technology-driven slogan where men have taken the place of machines for example in manufacturing technology where has resulted to automation and robotics (Paill, Chen, Boiral, and Jin, 2014, pp.460). These advancements have curbed many jobs. Additionally, computers and the management information system have resulted in changes in nature which office work operates. Globalization as well has raised the levels of competition in the business sector internationally. Firms that formerly competed locally today they need to have the ability to compete with overseas firms. As a result of the following conditions, Human Resource Management is faced with a major challenge of selecting, training, and coming up policies to compensate exiled employees, to tap the world labor force. Restructuring of the organization enables it to gain competitive advantage. From this, firms have continuously merged and acquisitions as a restructuring method so that they remain competitive (Brewster, Houldsworth, Sparrow, and Vernon, 2016, pp.220). Some organizations have put measures to flatten their firms such as eliminating the several layers of management. All these methods of restructuring lead to redesigning of jobs and employees are affected. HRM is thus posed with difficulties in dealing with consequences of human due to organizations restructuring. This among many include the human cost which results from downsizing. As globalization and technology have greatly changed, changes have also taken like jobs. The work-force has greatly improved from the usual manual work to work that is mental or requiring a lot of knowledge (Kehoe, and Wright, 2013, pp.384). The organizations are then tasked with giving priority to their human capital including training methods, acquiring the necessary skills, and knowledge among others. The high attention to education and the priority on human capital have led to the economy to be service-oriented. Limitations of Human Resource Practices There is uncertainty in the future. At present, there many factors that affect employment which includes political, cultural, and even the changes in technology. Thus, organizations only rely on Human Resource as a factor for offering guidelines but cannot entirely rely on it. There is excess regarding to workforce (Alfes, Shantz, Truss, and Soane 2013, pp.327). Thus, firms try by every means to eliminate the imbalance by terminating, lying off, and even through the removal of existing employees. As a result, this builds a sense of insecurity among employees, resulting in loss faith of an organization by the employees. Human resource management is usually an expensive process. This is because it takes up the right responsibility from when the need for manpower arises, looking for employees, training the employees, choosing the most qualified workers, up to the final placement of the workers (Sparrow, Brewster, and Chung, 2016, pp. 72). This process is tedious and usually, time-consuming since it researches on the personnel required for each department then takes up the duty of looking for suitable sources that will satisfy this need. Future transformation of Human Resource Management Every organization needs to transform the way their HR functions due to the business landscape which is changing. This will help them gain a competitive advantage over other companies in this changing environment. With the evolvement in organizations, those who head the Human Resource should be keen to shape the strategic capabilities of individuals. The future transformation of the strategic human resource management is as below; The focus is to create a compelling experience for the employees. The employee experience should be made to account for the physical environment which the employees conduct their daily duties. This includes adopting tools, and any other technology that enables them to achieve the goal more productively. There should be continuous training and learning by the employees to ensure that they acquire the necessary skills required in the business environment which they operate. The focus should be as well be on rewarding of employees wherever they perform extemporary in their duties (Kavanagh, and Johnson, 2017, pp.361). Thus, if the workplace is converted into an experience, the firms will be able to embed their culture and values in the same workplace, using this as a tool to recruit and even retain top talents in the company. Partnering with the real estate to enhance culture will as well transform the future environment of HRM. The aim is to incorporate both the introverts (persona who are highly talented with distinct characteristics) and the extroverts in the workspace (Markoulli, Lee, Byington, and Felps, 2017, pp.394). The workers have control over their place of work and have the duty of selecting the best workspace that best suits their task. Transformation here is giving employees opportunity to choose where to work. Thus Human Resource is mandated to extend the culture of the company and efficiently engage the employees. The future of Human Resource Management can be transformed by applying a consumer marketing lenses to the Human Resource (Armstrong, and Taylor, 2014, pp.30). The department should make use of consumer marketing tools which include thinking about design and analysis of sentiments thus creating compelling employee experience. The organization culture also has a great effect in defining the future for HR. a firms culture refers to the personality of a firm. This includes the type of employees who work in that firm, the experience that is acquired when a person works in the firm, how the employees are treated, and the relation of employees and management (Benschop, Holgersson, Van den Brink, and Wahl, 2015, pp.557). All this put together, a positive review of an organizations culture will shape the future of Human Resource Management whereby the task of managing employees will be effective since there are cooperation and trust. Additionally, a culture that takes up the feedback of the workers and device considerations to let them grow would as well determine the future of HRM. Training of the workforce will increase the skills and knowledge of the employees. Hence, competition will be key in hiring the most experienced and skilled individuals by the Human Resource so that they deliver to their best ability the tasks which have been assigned to them. These will create a shift in the future where a large investment has to be made to educate the employees through training, promotions when duties are well performed, and even rewarding the employees. Conclusion Strategic human resource management is crucial and important to any organization as an organization is made up employees and not buildings. Hence, the employees are to be managed and guided throughout their duties (Jackson, Schuler, and Jiang, 2014, pp. 24). However, with the changing environment, HRM is basically to be affected in the future due to changes in technology, the workforce, changes in culture, and even new means of management. As a result, Human Resource Management has the duty of taking up their task, ensuring that they change and keep up with the new changes. Bibliography Alfes, K., Shantz, A.D., Truss, C. and Soane, E.C., 2013. The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), pp.330-351. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Benschop, Y., Holgersson, C., Van den Brink, M. and Wahl, A., 2015. Future challenges for practices of diversity management in organizations.Handbook for Diversity in Organizations, Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.553-574. Brewster, C., Houldsworth, E., Sparrow, P. and Vernon, G., 2016.International human resource management. Kogan Page Publishers. Jackson, S.E., Schuler, R.S. and Jiang, K., 2014. An aspirational framework for strategic human resource management.Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.1-56. Kavanagh, M.J. and Johnson, R.D. eds., 2017.Human resource information systems: Basics, applications, and future directions. Sage Publications. Kehoe, R.R. and Wright, P.M., 2013. The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees attitudes and behaviors.Journal of management,39(2), pp.366-391. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. Markoulli, M., Lee, C.I., Byington, E. and Felps, W.A., 2017. Mapping Human Resource Management: Reviewing the field and charting future directions.Human Resource Management Review,27(3), pp.367-396. Martn Alczar, F., Miguel Romero Fernndez, P. and Snchez Gardey, G., 2013. Workforce diversity in strategic human resource management models: A critical review of the literature and implications for future research.Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal,20(1), pp.39-49. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O. and Jin, J., 2014. The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), pp.451-466. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge.

International Marketing Strategy Decisions †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Marketing Strategy Decisions. Answer: Introduction The Australian wine industry will be targeting the well-known Chinese social media platforms like WeChat as well as Weibo as part of a $50 million marketing push plan for lifting the wine exports as well as wine tourism. International tourists will be advised to take the great Australian wine tour as well as pay visit to well-known regions that are producing wine under the grand $50 million taxpayer-funded plan. In this regard, Winemakers Federation of Australia president Sandy Clark stated that the package was being considered as once in a generational scope for growing the demand of Australian wine. He also stated that this aspect will be benefiting every winemaker as well as assist in providing a long-term platform in respect of profitability all the way through the supply chain and it is at present, the responsibility of the Australian Wine Making industry towards the maximization of the scope (Majaro 2013). Moreover, this industry is also hoping to do the luring of an additional 40,000 global tourists to the leading regions for wine like the Hunter Valley in New South Wales, Yarra Valley in Victoria as well as the Barossa Valley in the region of South Australia. As per the current research reports, the wine industry of Australia has been successfully enjoying major growth in the current years and the countrys wine exports forecasts have exceeded 800 million litres and $2.5 billion in 2017-18 (Hapsari 2017). Possible implication for international marketers Wine tourism has grown in popularity in the present scenario due to the fact that the tourism market has helped in the emergence of a new type of tourists, whose major reason for visiting a place is because of the wine regions situated in that place. Various countries are at present having a large inflow of foreign currency regarding wine tourism due to the dynamically expanding international industry (Choi 2015). Majority of the countries have been successful in resolving, stimulating as well as organizing wine-tourism and it is now considered to be the ideal time in paying attention towards the growth of wine tourism via the aspect of creating the strategic aspects that are considered being successful (Cavusgil 2014). The outcome of wine tourism is associated with the fact that there is an increase in the tourist number, and as a result, it is having a connection with the requirements of the tourists in respect of having better infrastructure, accommodation, shops as well as cultur al heritage. The local authorities are playing an active part in developing as well as promoting wine tourism in Australia. To increase the global awareness as well as satisfactions regarding the experience related to wine tourism, Australia is concentrating upon the quality of the services that are offered to the tourists as well as strong association amongst the small vineries as well as wine making organizations to increase their participation in the projects related to marketing whose development is done with the help of national establishments (Penz 2016). In addition, Australia is also regarded as one of the top destinations regarding wine tourism in the world. The country has positioned its wine tourism industry as a national priority and is making continuous development as well as promotion in this regard. The Australian authorities are seeing the aspect of promoting wine tourism not simply as a tool for promoting global awareness towards destinations, but also as an instrument for promoting the rural areas of Australia that are less tourism developed (Paliwoda 2013). The country is focusing upon various projects related to marketing in respect of promoting wine tourism as they are focused towards the aspect of developing the rural development and also the homogeneous distribution of tourism within the territories. Within the country, the local authorities are playing a major part towards the development of wine tourism as well as in respect of promoting with the support of the strategic aspect regarding wine tourism that is having the role for the enhancement of the regional development through the promotion of wine tourism as a strong positive feature. In this context, it can be stated that the private as well as public stakeholders are doing heavy promotion of the wine tourism products via the internet as well as specialized media (Armstrong 2015). For improvement of the international market in relation to wine tourism it can be stated that there should be better association within the tourism agency as well as direct suppliers regarding wine tourism. In this context it can be stated that majority of the direct suppliers of wine tourism are not having the awareness regarding the overall advantages for developing as well as promoting this type of tourism. As a result, the resources are not properly used and there is inefficient strategies related to marketing. Also, there is the requirement for having wine tourism marketing towards the global markets that is considered being more aggressive (Fletcher 2013). In this respect, it can be stated that the marketing as well as promotional campaigns are at their nascent stage and are not having broad coverage and also, there is poor association amongst the stakeholders as well as state organizations. However, improved cooperation will be resulting in having a more focused as well as tar get based campaigns. There is also the requirement for increasing the education as well as qualifications of the employees that are related to wine tourism (Choi, 2015). Also, improved controlling of the tourism agencies as well as tour operators will assist in increasing the entire experience, dismissing the services that are overpriced and have low quality as well as increasing the feedback regarding the services that have been provided. Conclusion To conclude the discussion, it can be stated that there should occur improved association within the tourism agency, private enterprises as well as tourism portals. There should also occur the improved growth as well as coverage of e-commerce as well as services related to wine tourism. There is the requirement for having wine tourism marketing towards the global markets that is considered being more aggressive. Most of the countries have been successful in resolving, stimulating as well as organizing wine-tourism. Reference Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Harker, M. and Brennan, R., 2015.Marketing: an introduction. Pearson Education. Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014.International business. Pearson Australia. Choi, J. and Yeniyurt, S., 2015. Contingency distance factors and international research and development (RD), marketing, and manufacturing alliance formations.International Business Review,24(6), pp.1061-1071. Fletcher, R. and Crawford, H., 2013.International marketing: an Asia-Pacific perspective. Pearson Higher Education AU. Hapsari, C., Stoffers, J. and Gunawan, A., 2017. The Influence of Perceived Cultural and Business Distance on International Marketing Strategy Decisions; A Case study of Telkom Indonesia International.International Review of Management and Marketing,7(3), pp.238-245. Majaro, S., 2013.International Marketing (RLE International Business): A Strategic Approach to World Markets. Routledge. Paliwoda, S. and Thomas, M., 2013.International marketing. Routledge. Penz, E. and Kirchler, E., 2016. Households in international marketing research: Vienna Diary Technique (VDT) as a method to investigate decision dynamics.International Marketing Review,33(3), pp.432-453.